ES-CY-L1.2

The celestial sphere and its coordinates

ES-CY-M1 · The exam and the celestial sphere · ES-CY-M1-A Exam rules and strategy, then the sphere, coordinate systems, the position triangle and the named constellations (UT1).

Poles, meridians, horizons, and the **hour** and **horizontal** coordinate systems. Half the theory questions are built from this vocabulary.

Independent study. xplor is not affiliated with the Dirección General de la Marina Mercante, any Spanish regional government or the Govern de les Illes Balears, and awards no title, certificate or endorsement. Passing these mocks does not replace the official theory exam, and the title also requires the regulated practicals at an authorised nautical school, the radio course and a medical report. AI-drafted content pending subject-matter-expert review.