ES-PER-L3.3

UT6 RIPA (2): vessels in sight and restricted visibility

ES-PER-M3 · Buoyage and the Collision Regulations · ES-PER-M3-A UT5 and UT6, the two capped units that decide most results: IALA-MBS 2022 and the RIPA rule by rule.

Rules 11–19: who gives way, what the stand-on vessel may and must do, and why **nobody stands on in fog**.

Independent study. xplor is not affiliated with the Dirección General de la Marina Mercante, any Spanish regional government or the Govern de les Illes Balears, and awards no title, certificate or endorsement. Passing the theory exam is only one step: the PER also requires the safety and navigation practicals and the short-range radio course at an authorised escuela náutica de recreo, and this course satisfies none of those requirements. AI-drafted content pending subject-matter-expert review.