ES-PNB-L4.2

UT6 RIPA (2): vessels in sight and restricted visibility

ES-PNB-M4 · RIPA (the Collision Regulations) · ES-PNB-M4-A Rules 1–19, lights and shapes, sound signals and distress at PNB exam depth (UT6).

Who gives way. Rules 11–19 in the order the examiner uses them: sail, overtaking, head-on, crossing, give-way, stand-on, the **pecking order** and fog.

Independent study. xplor is not an approved nautical school (escuela náutica de recreo), is not affiliated with the Dirección General de la Marina Mercante, any Spanish regional government or the Govern de les Illes Balears, and issues no title, licence or certificate. The PNB also requires practicals and a radio course at an approved school and a pass in the official theory exam, and this course satisfies none of those requirements. AI-drafted content pending subject-matter-expert review.